Serine racemase is the pyridoxal 5’-phosphatedependent enzyme that catalyzes L-serine racemisation to D-serine, and L- and D-serine beta-elimination in mammalian brain. D-serine is the essential co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, that mediates neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity, cell migration and long term potentiation. High and low D-serine levels have been associated with distinct neuropathologies, agingrelated deficits and psychiatric disorders due to either hyper- or hypo-activation of the receptor. Serine racemase dual activity is regulated by ATP, divalent cations, cysteine nitrosylation, post-translational modifications, and interactions with proteins that bind either at the N- or Cterminus. A detailed elucidation of the molecular basis of catalysis, regulation and conformational plasticity, as well as enzyme and D-serine localization and neurons and astrocytes cross-talk, opens the way to the development of enzyme inhibitors and effectors for tailored therapeutic treatments.

Serine racemase: a key player in neuron activity and in neuropathologies / Campanini, Barbara; Spyrakis, Francesca; Peracchi, Alessio; Mozzarelli, Andrea. - In: FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE. - ISSN 1093-9946. - 18:(2013), pp. 1112-1128. [10.2741/4167]

Serine racemase: a key player in neuron activity and in neuropathologies

CAMPANINI, Barbara;SPYRAKIS, Francesca;PERACCHI, Alessio;MOZZARELLI, Andrea
2013-01-01

Abstract

Serine racemase is the pyridoxal 5’-phosphatedependent enzyme that catalyzes L-serine racemisation to D-serine, and L- and D-serine beta-elimination in mammalian brain. D-serine is the essential co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, that mediates neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity, cell migration and long term potentiation. High and low D-serine levels have been associated with distinct neuropathologies, agingrelated deficits and psychiatric disorders due to either hyper- or hypo-activation of the receptor. Serine racemase dual activity is regulated by ATP, divalent cations, cysteine nitrosylation, post-translational modifications, and interactions with proteins that bind either at the N- or Cterminus. A detailed elucidation of the molecular basis of catalysis, regulation and conformational plasticity, as well as enzyme and D-serine localization and neurons and astrocytes cross-talk, opens the way to the development of enzyme inhibitors and effectors for tailored therapeutic treatments.
2013
Serine racemase: a key player in neuron activity and in neuropathologies / Campanini, Barbara; Spyrakis, Francesca; Peracchi, Alessio; Mozzarelli, Andrea. - In: FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE. - ISSN 1093-9946. - 18:(2013), pp. 1112-1128. [10.2741/4167]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11381/2685889
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