The central role of the anesthesiologist in operating room management: toward an integrated clinical-organizational-technological paradigm

Efficiency in the operating room is often considered either in terms of clinical excellence or in terms of performance optimization through managerial approaches. However, these dichotomous models—clinician-centered versus engineer-led—fail to capture the complexity of modern surgical care. This paper therefore proposes a multidisciplinary model in which the anesthetist plays a central role, acting as an integrator of clinical needs and organizational logistics. As new technologies emerge, they should support a comprehensive vision that combines patient-centered care with organizational and technological considerations. This approach should complement, rather than replace, clinical judgment.