Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Analysis Using Stereophotogrammetry: A Sistematic Review

Aim: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder characterized by nocturnal breathing interruptions due to upper airway obstruction. The aim of the review is to verify the existence of any current literature concerning the craniofacial stereophotogrammetric evaluation in order to predict the presence and severity of OSAS. This technology uses a three-dimensional model obtained from multiple frames of the face taken from different angles. Methods: The research was performed on MEDLINE-PUBMED without applying temporal or linguistic restrictions. From 19 studies, 4 were selected. Results: The study of Banabilh et al. 2009 shows how the severity of OSAS depends on the deposition of submandibular fat, neck circumference and body mass index. According to the study of Lin et al. 2018 numerous measurements concerning areas, volumes and anthropometric lines of the head and neck district indicate the presence and severity of the pathology. In the study of Ohmura et al. 2022 it has been demonstrated that mandibular width, length, depth and width-lenght angle are correlated with OSAS severity. In the study of Tyler et al. 2022 emerged that an increasing obtuse angle of facial convexity is found in severe OSAS subject. Conclusions: In this review emerged a correlation between OSAS severity and submandibular fat deposition, neck circumference, body mass index, facial convexity as well as numerous anthropometric parameters from the literature. It should be note the limited amount of scientific material currently available in this regard.