Joule Heating and Viscosity-Ratio Effects on Dissipative Ternary Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Surface

This analysis explores the impact of ternary nanofluid movement, focusing on the interplay between viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and the coupled heat transfer processes. A nanofluid is created by dispersing. 2 3 2 2 , , Al O SiO TiO Nanoparticles in water, the research delves into the transformation of complex nonlinear PDEs governing temperature and momentum into a more manageable set of dimensionless ODEs via the application of similarity terms. It further examines the influence of radiation by modifying Kummer's and hypergeometric differential equations, incorporating a novel variable to account for radiation effects. The investigation encompasses both the PST and PHF scenarios, ensuring a conservative heat balance within the fluid domain via a temperature-dependent source/sink. A graphical representation of the current problem's results might be used to facilitate discussion such as the Brinkman number, inverse Darcy number, magnetic field, thermal radiation, heat source/sink, and radiation parameter. The results of the current study define that increasing the MHD decays the velocity, raising the MHD raises the temperature it also decreases the Nusselt number. The study's findings are critical for optimizing industrial processes like polymer extrusion and enhancing the efficiency of heat exchangers, electronic device cooling, and automotive cooling systems.