The Labour Flow Network of Green and Digital Firms: the Cases of Emilia-Romagna and Veneto

This paper examines the network of labour inflows characterising manufacturing firms engaged in the twin transition (digital and green) in Emilia-Romagna and Veneto. Using a unique dataset that combines administrative records and survey data, we construct and compare occupational networks for four types of firms, namely Digital, Green, Green and Digital, and No Green and No Digital. Network analysis reveals that Green and Digital firms exhibit denser, more interconnected, and more diversified labour inflows, suggesting higher skill intensity and multidisciplinary requirements. We also show that the average job-relatedness of Green and Digital firms is always higher than that of No Green and No Digital firms. These findings underscore the variety of workforce needs in the transition, highlighting the importance of adaptive recruitment strategies and interdisciplinary education.