Modeling and Analysis of 3D Magnetized Radiative Williamson Nanofluid Flow Past a Riga Plate with Forchheimer-Darcy Porous Medium and Cattaneo-Christov Double Diffusion

This article presents a mathematical analysis of 3DWilliamson nanofluid flow over a stretching Riga plate in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. The model incorporates thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and the Buongiorno nanofluid framework with Cattaneo-Christov double flux. Similarity transformations reduce the governing PDEs to ODEs, solved using Mathematica’s NDSolve. Graphs and tables illustrate the effects of key parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. The xdirection velocity increases with the modified Hartmann number (Ha = 0.5–2.0), enhancing skin friction by 20–30%. Higher thermophoresis (Nt = 0.1–0.5) elevates temperature and concentration by 15–20% and 10–14%, respectively. Brownian motion (Nb = 0.1–0.5) boosts mass transfer, increasing Sherwood number by 7–9%. Increasing heat and mass relaxation parameters (γ1, γ2 = 0.1–0.5) accelerates Nusselt and Sherwood numbers by 5–10%. Results correlate well with prior studies, providing a basis for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) cooling systems, polymer processing, and biomedical simulations involving non-Newtonian fluids.