Innovative teaching methodologies: Keyword-based analysis to monitor the trends of the last decade

The techniques employed to enhance the art of teaching are several and must account for various factors, some of which are specific to the subject matter, while others are related to external conditions, such as social characteristics. This study examines the current landscape of innovative teaching methodologies by identifying: (i) the primary fields where these methodologies are applied, (ii) the most active countries in adopting these methods, and (iii) the main types of techniques utilized. Although other reviews exist on this topic, this research primarily focuses on methodologies used in the engineering field and identifies the key countries that are most responsive to these innovative approaches. Through keyword-based analysis and the application of statistical methods, it was found that the leading methodologies in growth are gamification, virtual reality (VR), and project- or problem-based learning. Additionally, their use in doctoral and postgraduate programs remains underexplored, presenting opportunities for future research.