An adaptive phase shedding and interleaving technique for modular dual active bridge converter applied to fast battery charging

Designing an off-board fast battery charging station is challenging as it must support multiple battery profiles with varying power needs while maintaining high efficiency and compact size. Commonly used modular topologies meet battery power requirements and reduce stress on power switches but suffer from low light-load efficiency. So, this paper proposes an adaptive module-shedding technique that dynamically adds and removes converter modules based on charger power needs, enhancing system efficiency across a wide load range, especially at light load. Additionally, the algorithm includes a PWM phase angle adjustment mechanism to increase input/output ripple frequency, reducing current and voltage ripples. A control technique prevents power imbalance among modules due to parameter mismatches. Numerical simulations in MATLAB/Simulink for an input-parallel output-parallel (IPOP) dual active bridge (DAB) converter confirm the algorithm's effectiveness.