Experimental investigations of the influence of transitory phases on small-scale wood combustion emissions

To investigate the influence of transitory phases on average emission factors of small-scale wood combustion plants, a specific study was carried out. Several on-line measurements have been carried out for the aerosol and gas emitted from an open fireplace (8 kW), a closed fireplace (I I kW), a conventional wood stove (6.5 kW) under different operating conditions during initial kindling and refilling stages. Some tests have also been performed with different fuel types and moisture level. Results confirm that emissions are generally higher during transient phases. The paper provides a description of measuring techniques and results obtained under tested conditions for different pollutants and appliances.