Electrochemical immunomagnetic assay as biosensing strategy for determination of ovarian cancer antigen HE4 in human serum

Prompt cancer diagnosis and treatment represent fundamental aspects to significantly improve patient survival rate. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) has recently been identified as promising single serum biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer with improved diagnostic performances respect to current reference biomarkers. In this study we present the first competitive immunosensing strategy for HE4 determination implemented on magnetic microbeads functionalized with HE4 antigen. A full factorial design and multiple linear regression allowed to find the optimal experimental conditions providing the maximum inhibition rate within the explored domain. Method validation was performed in serum to ensure reliable data to support decision in clinical practice. This method allowed matching the clinically relevant concentration values for the serum biomarker, limits of detection and quantification being 2.8 and 23.0 pM, respectively. Also recovery rate in the 89±7 -103±5 % range resulted suitable for method applicability for diagnostic purposes.