Paediatric Nurses'Knowledge and Experience of Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Italian Survey

Hospitalization of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a challenge for paediatric nurses. The literature reveals a lack of knowledge among them of the clinical and behavioural characteristics of autism. The aim of the study is to investigate the knowledge of paediatric nurses about Autism Spectrum Disorders and their experience with children with ASD. Ninety-three nurses completed Knowledge About Childhood Autism Among Healthcare Workers questionnaire, a socio-demographic questionnaire and an open-ended questionnaire to evaluate the experience of nurses. Findings showed that nurses have a basic knowledge of ASD, except for comorbidity and onset of the ASD, in which they obtained lower scores. Older nurses and those who had more experience in a paediatric ward or with children with ASD showed higher scores. Analysis of the content of open-ended questionnaire showed that nurses have difficulties in managing the relationship with children with ASD, and that they wonder about how to improve it, seeking useful strategies for this purpose. During interactions, nurses experience mixed feelings such as sadness, suffering, uneasiness, inadequacy, displeasure, embarrassment and tenderness. They declare the need for more knowledge about ASD. They would like to improve their own capacity for interactions with these children, also through training.