Introduction: Analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for the identification of T790M mutation in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients can replace tissue re-biopsy for resistance characterization and, being non-invasive, may be applied for disease monitoring. We analysed ctDNA during osimertinib treatment to correlate mutational levels with clinical outcome and to predict pattern of resistance. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with advanced NSCLC receiving osimertinib for T790M + disease after previous EGFR-TKI were enrolled in a pilot study to collect plasma at baseline and every 12 weeks until progression. Molecular analysis of ctDNA was performed by ddPCR and Therascreen®. When feasible at progression, tissue re-biopsy and NGS analysis were performed. Results: Thirty-eight patients had baseline plasma samples suitable for molecular analysis. Patients with low levels of the EGFR activating mutation in ctDNA [< 2200 copies/mL or allele frequency (AF) < 6.1%] showed better progression-free survival (17.8 or 17.8 months vs. 4.3 or 2.7, p = 0.022 or p = 0.018, respectively) and overall survival (23.6 or 23.6 vs. 7.7 or 7.3, p = 0.016 or p = 0.013, respectively) than patients with high levels (≥ 2200 copies/mL or AF ≥ 6.1%). Patients with detectable EGFR mutations in plasma (shedders) presented worse outcome than negative subjects (non-shedders). Low levels of T790M, higher T790M/activating mutation ratio and complete clearance after 2 months were associated with a trend towards better outcome. Tissue re-biopsy at resistance showed 3 patients with EGFR C797S, 1 with MET amplification, 1 with MYC amplification, 1 with PTEN loss, 3 with SCLC transformation. Conclusions: The mutational analysis performed on plasma plays a significant role in prognostic stratification, especially for the EGFR activating mutation, since patients with absence or low levels of mutations presented a better outcome to osimertinib. At progression, tissue re-biopsy remains a crucial issue for the identification of resistance mechanisms.

From the beginning to resistance: Study of plasma monitoring and resistance mechanisms in a cohort of patients treated with osimertinib for advanced T790M-positive NSCLC / Bordi, P.; Del Re, M.; Minari, R.; Rofi, E.; Buti, S.; Restante, G.; Squadrilli, A.; Crucitta, S.; Casartelli, C.; Gnetti, L.; Azzoni, C.; Bottarelli, L.; Petrini, I.; Cosenza, A.; Ferri, L.; Rapacchi, E.; Danesi, R.; Tiseo, M.. - In: LUNG CANCER. - ISSN 0169-5002. - 131:(2019), pp. 78-85. [10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.03.017]

From the beginning to resistance: Study of plasma monitoring and resistance mechanisms in a cohort of patients treated with osimertinib for advanced T790M-positive NSCLC

Bordi P.;Minari R.;Buti S.;Casartelli C.;Gnetti L.;Azzoni C.;Bottarelli L.;Tiseo M.
2019-01-01

Abstract

Introduction: Analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for the identification of T790M mutation in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients can replace tissue re-biopsy for resistance characterization and, being non-invasive, may be applied for disease monitoring. We analysed ctDNA during osimertinib treatment to correlate mutational levels with clinical outcome and to predict pattern of resistance. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with advanced NSCLC receiving osimertinib for T790M + disease after previous EGFR-TKI were enrolled in a pilot study to collect plasma at baseline and every 12 weeks until progression. Molecular analysis of ctDNA was performed by ddPCR and Therascreen®. When feasible at progression, tissue re-biopsy and NGS analysis were performed. Results: Thirty-eight patients had baseline plasma samples suitable for molecular analysis. Patients with low levels of the EGFR activating mutation in ctDNA [< 2200 copies/mL or allele frequency (AF) < 6.1%] showed better progression-free survival (17.8 or 17.8 months vs. 4.3 or 2.7, p = 0.022 or p = 0.018, respectively) and overall survival (23.6 or 23.6 vs. 7.7 or 7.3, p = 0.016 or p = 0.013, respectively) than patients with high levels (≥ 2200 copies/mL or AF ≥ 6.1%). Patients with detectable EGFR mutations in plasma (shedders) presented worse outcome than negative subjects (non-shedders). Low levels of T790M, higher T790M/activating mutation ratio and complete clearance after 2 months were associated with a trend towards better outcome. Tissue re-biopsy at resistance showed 3 patients with EGFR C797S, 1 with MET amplification, 1 with MYC amplification, 1 with PTEN loss, 3 with SCLC transformation. Conclusions: The mutational analysis performed on plasma plays a significant role in prognostic stratification, especially for the EGFR activating mutation, since patients with absence or low levels of mutations presented a better outcome to osimertinib. At progression, tissue re-biopsy remains a crucial issue for the identification of resistance mechanisms.
2019
From the beginning to resistance: Study of plasma monitoring and resistance mechanisms in a cohort of patients treated with osimertinib for advanced T790M-positive NSCLC / Bordi, P.; Del Re, M.; Minari, R.; Rofi, E.; Buti, S.; Restante, G.; Squadrilli, A.; Crucitta, S.; Casartelli, C.; Gnetti, L.; Azzoni, C.; Bottarelli, L.; Petrini, I.; Cosenza, A.; Ferri, L.; Rapacchi, E.; Danesi, R.; Tiseo, M.. - In: LUNG CANCER. - ISSN 0169-5002. - 131:(2019), pp. 78-85. [10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.03.017]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11381/2862491
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