Nowadays metabolic syndrome represents a real outbreak affecting society. Paradoxically, pediatricians must feel involved in fighting this condition because of the latest evidences of developmental origins of adult diseases. Fetal programming occurs when the normal fetal development is disrupted by an abnormal insult applied to a critical point in intrauterine life. Placenta assumes a pivotal role in programming the fetal experience in utero due to the adaptive changes in structure and function. Pregnancy complications such as diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and hypoxia are associated with placental dysfunction and programming. Many experimental studies have been conducted to explain the phenotypic consequences of fetal-placental perturbations that predispose to the genesis of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. In recent years, elucidating the mechanisms involved in such kind of process has become the challenge of scientific research. Oxidative stress may be the general underlying mechanism that links altered placental function to fetal programming. Maternal diabetes, prenatal hypoxic/ischaemic events, inflammatory/infective insults are specific triggers for an acute increase in free radicals generation. Early identification of fetuses and newborns at high risk of oxidative damage may be crucial to decrease infant and adult morbidity.

Fetal programming and early identification of newborns at high risk of free radical-mediated diseases / Perrone, Serafina; Santacroce, Antonino; Picardi, Anna; Buonocore, Giuseppe. - In: WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PEDIATRICS. - ISSN 2219-2808. - 5:2(2016), pp. 172-181. [10.5409/wjcp.v5.i2.172]

Fetal programming and early identification of newborns at high risk of free radical-mediated diseases

Perrone Serafina;
2016-01-01

Abstract

Nowadays metabolic syndrome represents a real outbreak affecting society. Paradoxically, pediatricians must feel involved in fighting this condition because of the latest evidences of developmental origins of adult diseases. Fetal programming occurs when the normal fetal development is disrupted by an abnormal insult applied to a critical point in intrauterine life. Placenta assumes a pivotal role in programming the fetal experience in utero due to the adaptive changes in structure and function. Pregnancy complications such as diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and hypoxia are associated with placental dysfunction and programming. Many experimental studies have been conducted to explain the phenotypic consequences of fetal-placental perturbations that predispose to the genesis of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. In recent years, elucidating the mechanisms involved in such kind of process has become the challenge of scientific research. Oxidative stress may be the general underlying mechanism that links altered placental function to fetal programming. Maternal diabetes, prenatal hypoxic/ischaemic events, inflammatory/infective insults are specific triggers for an acute increase in free radicals generation. Early identification of fetuses and newborns at high risk of oxidative damage may be crucial to decrease infant and adult morbidity.
2016
Fetal programming and early identification of newborns at high risk of free radical-mediated diseases / Perrone, Serafina; Santacroce, Antonino; Picardi, Anna; Buonocore, Giuseppe. - In: WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PEDIATRICS. - ISSN 2219-2808. - 5:2(2016), pp. 172-181. [10.5409/wjcp.v5.i2.172]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11381/2860360
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