A model for filter diagnostics in a syngas-fed CHP plant

Biomass gasification is an important opportunity for power generation and combined heat and power (CHP), as it allows for biomass use in high efficiency, low emissions energy systems, e.g., internal combustion engines. Biomass-based CHP is particularly interesting for the service sector, as it allows to use a programmable renewable energy source to produce both electricity and heat, unlike photovoltaic systems which are typically used in this sector. Yet, small-scale gasification and CHP systems have a poor diffusion, due to a lack of acknowledged reliability. To improve reliability and performance, accurate simulation models may be useful, in particular for system control and diagnosis. For this purpose, the project SYNBIOSE proposes the installation, testing and simulation of a commercial-grade system for the gasification of lignocellulosic woodchips and pellets coupled to CHP in the campus of the University of Parma. One of the project deliverables is a simulation model of the whole gasification and CHP plant, for system diagnosis. The model has a modular structure (to allow for improvements and applications) and is implemented in MATLAB®/Simulink®. The present work focuses on syngas filters, which are among the most critical components. The outcome is a model able to predict the operation of filters taking into account inlet gas characteristics and fouling. Model analysis, sensitivity analysis and validation showed that simulation outputs are consistent with the physical behavior and experimental data. The model proved to be useful for system and components simulation and diagnosis.