I processi di acculturazione dei migranti forzati tra comunità ospitanti, comunità etniche e comunità virtuali [Acculturation processes of forced migrants within host, ethnic and virtual communities. A review of the literature]

The goal of the review was to analyze the acculturation processes of forced migrants considering the role recognized by the psychological and social literature of the last 20 years to dif ferent kind of Community (host, ethnic and virtual community). The 102 articles have been systematically analyzed according to the emerging issues and community actors involved in the various stages of migration (crisis, displacement, flight, arrival, early settlement, settlement, establishing). Results have shown that the scientific debate focused on maximum part on the traumatizing aspects of the migration, neglecting the idiosyncratic characteristics and aspects of symbolic identity which migrants are bearer.