Aims: To evaluate the cardiovascular risk associated with the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods: Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome, defined by WHO criteria, were identified in a large sample of non-insulin-treated Type 2 diabetic patients examined within the Verona Diabetes Complications Study (n=946). At baseline and after a mean of 4.5 years follow-up, cardiovascular disease (CVD) was assessed by medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echo-duplex of carotid and lower limb arteries. Death certificates and medical records of subjects who died during the follow-up were scrutinized in order to identify CVD deaths. In statistical analyses, CVD was considered as an aggregate end-point, including fatal and non-fatal coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease as well as ischaemic ECG abnormalities and vascular lesions at the echo-duplex. Results: The proportion of subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome was very high (92.3%). At the baseline, 31.7% of subjects were coded positive for CVD, which was more prevalent in subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome (32.9 vs. 17.8%, P=0.005). Among subjects free of CVD at the baseline (n=559), CVD events during the follow-up were significantly increased in patients with the Metabolic Syndrome as compared with those without it (19.9% vs. 3.9%, P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that, along with sex, age, smoking and HbA1c, the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome independently predicted prevalent (OR 2.01, P=0.045) and incident CVD (OR 4.89, P=0.031). Conclusions: In Type 2 diabetes, the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome is associated with an almost 5-fold increase in CVD risk.
The Metabolic Syndrome is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetic subjects. Prospective data from the Verona Diabetes Complications Study / Bonora, E; Targher, G; Formentini, G; Calcaterra, F; Lombardi, S; Marini, F; Zenari, L; Saggiani, F; Poli, M; Perbellini, S; Raffaelli, A; Gemma, Ml; Santi, L; Bonadonna, Riccardo; Muggeo, M.. - In: DIABETIC MEDICINE. - ISSN 0742-3071. - 21:(2004), pp. 52-58. [10.1046/j.1464–5491.2003.01068.x]
The Metabolic Syndrome is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetic subjects. Prospective data from the Verona Diabetes Complications Study
BONADONNA, Riccardo;
2004-01-01
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the cardiovascular risk associated with the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 diabetic subjects. Methods: Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome, defined by WHO criteria, were identified in a large sample of non-insulin-treated Type 2 diabetic patients examined within the Verona Diabetes Complications Study (n=946). At baseline and after a mean of 4.5 years follow-up, cardiovascular disease (CVD) was assessed by medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echo-duplex of carotid and lower limb arteries. Death certificates and medical records of subjects who died during the follow-up were scrutinized in order to identify CVD deaths. In statistical analyses, CVD was considered as an aggregate end-point, including fatal and non-fatal coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease as well as ischaemic ECG abnormalities and vascular lesions at the echo-duplex. Results: The proportion of subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome was very high (92.3%). At the baseline, 31.7% of subjects were coded positive for CVD, which was more prevalent in subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome (32.9 vs. 17.8%, P=0.005). Among subjects free of CVD at the baseline (n=559), CVD events during the follow-up were significantly increased in patients with the Metabolic Syndrome as compared with those without it (19.9% vs. 3.9%, P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that, along with sex, age, smoking and HbA1c, the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome independently predicted prevalent (OR 2.01, P=0.045) and incident CVD (OR 4.89, P=0.031). Conclusions: In Type 2 diabetes, the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome is associated with an almost 5-fold increase in CVD risk.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.