To evaluate the effects of chronic cigarette smoking on insulin sensitivity in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we examined 28 smokers and 12 nonsmokers with NIDDM, of similar sex, age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, glycometabolic control, diabetes duration, and treatment. Insulin and C-peptide responses to oral glucose load were significantly higher in smokers than nonsmokers, whereas glucose levels were not substantially different. During insulin clamp (20 mU/min.m2), carried out in combination with tritiated glucose infusion and indirect calorimetry, total glucose disposal was markedly reduced in smokers vs. nonsmokers [19 +/- 1.2 vs. 33 +/- 5 mumol/min.kg fat-free mass (FFM); P < 0.001], in a dose-dependent fashion (F = 6.8, P < 0.001 by ANOVA when subjects were categorized for number of cigarettes smoked per day). Oxidative (9 +/- 1 vs. 14 +/- 2 mumol/min.kg FFM; P < 0.01) and nonoxidative (10 +/- 1 vs. 19 +/- 4 mumol/min.kg FFM; P < 0.01) pathways of insulin-mediated intracellular glucose metabolism were similarly reduced in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Plasma free fatty acid levels (240 +/- 33 vs. 130 +/- 23 microEq/L; P < 0.05) and lipid oxidation rate (1.39 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.2 mumol/ min.kg FFM; P < 0.05) were less suppressed by hyperinsulinemia in smokers than nonsmokers. In conclusion, chronic cigarette smoking seems to markedly aggravate insulin resistance in patients with NIDDM.

Cigarette smoking and insulin resistance in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus / Targher, G; Alberiche, M; Zenere, Mb; Bonadonna, Riccardo; Muggeo, M; Bonora, E.. - In: THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM. - ISSN 0021-972X. - 82:(1997), pp. 3619-3624.

Cigarette smoking and insulin resistance in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

BONADONNA, Riccardo;
1997-01-01

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of chronic cigarette smoking on insulin sensitivity in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we examined 28 smokers and 12 nonsmokers with NIDDM, of similar sex, age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, glycometabolic control, diabetes duration, and treatment. Insulin and C-peptide responses to oral glucose load were significantly higher in smokers than nonsmokers, whereas glucose levels were not substantially different. During insulin clamp (20 mU/min.m2), carried out in combination with tritiated glucose infusion and indirect calorimetry, total glucose disposal was markedly reduced in smokers vs. nonsmokers [19 +/- 1.2 vs. 33 +/- 5 mumol/min.kg fat-free mass (FFM); P < 0.001], in a dose-dependent fashion (F = 6.8, P < 0.001 by ANOVA when subjects were categorized for number of cigarettes smoked per day). Oxidative (9 +/- 1 vs. 14 +/- 2 mumol/min.kg FFM; P < 0.01) and nonoxidative (10 +/- 1 vs. 19 +/- 4 mumol/min.kg FFM; P < 0.01) pathways of insulin-mediated intracellular glucose metabolism were similarly reduced in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Plasma free fatty acid levels (240 +/- 33 vs. 130 +/- 23 microEq/L; P < 0.05) and lipid oxidation rate (1.39 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.2 mumol/ min.kg FFM; P < 0.05) were less suppressed by hyperinsulinemia in smokers than nonsmokers. In conclusion, chronic cigarette smoking seems to markedly aggravate insulin resistance in patients with NIDDM.
1997
Cigarette smoking and insulin resistance in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus / Targher, G; Alberiche, M; Zenere, Mb; Bonadonna, Riccardo; Muggeo, M; Bonora, E.. - In: THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM. - ISSN 0021-972X. - 82:(1997), pp. 3619-3624.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11381/2762607
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