Central nervous system dysfunctions (most notably microencephaly and mental retardation) are among the most significant effects of in utero exposure to ethanol. Ethanol causes alterations of both neuronal and glial cells. In particular, ethanol has been shown to inhibit proliferation of astroglial cells stimulated by certain, but not all mitogens. Here, we review evidence that acetylcholine, by activating the M-3 subtype of muscarinic receptors, increases DNA synthesis in rat and human astroglial cells and that this effect is inhibited by low ethanol concentrations (10-100 mM). Of the several signal transduction pathways activated by these receptors in astrocytes or astrocytoma cells, ethanol appears to target activation of phospholipase D, leading to a decrease in phosphatidic acid, a decreased activation of the atypical protein kinase Czeta and decreased down-stream activation of p70S6 kinase and of nuclear factor-kappaB. Inhibition of this pathway by ethanol occurs at the same concentrations which effectively inhibit proliferation. Inhibition of astroglial cell proliferation by ethanol may contribute to the microencephaly present in most children diagnosed with the fetal alcohol syndrome

Signal transduction mechanisms involved in the antiproliferative effects of ethanol in glial cells / Costa, Lucio Guido; Vitalone, A.; Guizzetti, M.. - In: TOXICOLOGY LETTERS. - ISSN 0378-4274. - 149:(2004), pp. 67-73. [10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.12.020]

Signal transduction mechanisms involved in the antiproliferative effects of ethanol in glial cells

COSTA, Lucio Guido;
2004-01-01

Abstract

Central nervous system dysfunctions (most notably microencephaly and mental retardation) are among the most significant effects of in utero exposure to ethanol. Ethanol causes alterations of both neuronal and glial cells. In particular, ethanol has been shown to inhibit proliferation of astroglial cells stimulated by certain, but not all mitogens. Here, we review evidence that acetylcholine, by activating the M-3 subtype of muscarinic receptors, increases DNA synthesis in rat and human astroglial cells and that this effect is inhibited by low ethanol concentrations (10-100 mM). Of the several signal transduction pathways activated by these receptors in astrocytes or astrocytoma cells, ethanol appears to target activation of phospholipase D, leading to a decrease in phosphatidic acid, a decreased activation of the atypical protein kinase Czeta and decreased down-stream activation of p70S6 kinase and of nuclear factor-kappaB. Inhibition of this pathway by ethanol occurs at the same concentrations which effectively inhibit proliferation. Inhibition of astroglial cell proliferation by ethanol may contribute to the microencephaly present in most children diagnosed with the fetal alcohol syndrome
2004
Signal transduction mechanisms involved in the antiproliferative effects of ethanol in glial cells / Costa, Lucio Guido; Vitalone, A.; Guizzetti, M.. - In: TOXICOLOGY LETTERS. - ISSN 0378-4274. - 149:(2004), pp. 67-73. [10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.12.020]
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Prof. COSTA Toxicol Letters 2004-2.pdf

non disponibili

Tipologia: Documento in Post-print
Licenza: NON PUBBLICO - Accesso privato/ristretto
Dimensione 94.95 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
94.95 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11381/1440980
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 26
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 20
social impact