Blockchain Integration for Improved Traceability in Food Packaging

The global scenario of the food supply chain (FSC) poses significant challenges that impact and disturb food supply, including traceability, sustainability, counterfeiting, and food safety concerns. This review provides insight into food packaging requirements, including end-to-end communication, all required information flow, regulatory compliance, and ensuring product quality. In the current era, practitioners cannot trust and feel enough confidence in existing conventional food packaging systems, which lacks real-time traceability and transparency. Hence blockchain technology (BT) has a significant role to tackle these issues and challenges, such as emerging solutions, immutability, decentralization, and transparency for food packaging systems. This overview supports a complete review of BT-enabled food packaging applications integrating food safety, smart packaging, traceability, anti-counterfeiting, and sustainable packaging. Also, it gives the uses of Internet of Things (IoT), real cases, smart sensors, challenges, and future research possibilities.