This paper examines the forms and functions of credit and microcredit in four-teenth-century Vercelli, highlighting the central role of trust and reputation in sustaining both urban and rural economies. In a period marked by recurrent monetary shortages, credit—in money, grain, or other goods—was a fundamen-tal mechanism for ensuring social and economic stability. Drawing on archival materials from the Hospital of St. Andrea, the study focuses on three emblem-atic cases: the baker Enrico da Greggio, the nobleman Martino da Robbio, and the priest Salerno Ferraroto. Each represents a different dimension of the credit network: individual entrepreneurship, collective indebtedness, and charitable redistribution. Enrico’s activity as a small-scale lender illustrates the integration of artisans into local financial systems; Martino’s dealings with the rural com-munity of Viverone reveal how communal debt could evolve into the transfer of property and, ultimately, into acts of charity; Salerno’s testament demonstrates how personal credits were transformed into pious legacies for the benefit of the poor. Together, these examples show that credit in late medieval society was not merely an economic tool but also a vehicle of social cohesion, moral obligation, and community building—linking economy, faith, and solidarity within a shared framework of trust.
l saggio analizza le pratiche di credito e microcredito nella Vercelli trecentesca, evidenziando come fiducia e reputazione costituissero i fondamenti delle rela-zioni economiche. In un contesto di scarsità di moneta, il credito — in denaro, cereali o beni — era un elemento vitale della società urbana e rurale. L’indagine si concentra su tre casi emblematici documentati dall’archivio dell’ospedale di S. Andrea: il fornaio Enrico da Greggio, il nobile Martino da Robbio e il prete Salerno Ferraroto. Enrico, artigiano e prestatore, divenne figura chiave del micro-credito cittadino, intrecciando affari e relazioni con l’ospedale. Martino da Rob-bio, invece, rappresenta la dimensione collettiva del debito: attraverso una lunga serie di mutui al comune di Viverone, ne acquisì i beni, poi donati all’ospedale, trasformando un debito comunitario in opera caritativa. Il testamento di Salerno Ferraroto mostra infine come i crediti personali potessero diventare strumenti di redistribuzione, destinati a opere pie e assistenza ai poveri. Nel complesso, il credito emerge come fattore di coesione sociale e di mobilità, capace di unire econo-mia, religione e solidarietà in un sistema fondato sulla fiducia e sulla reciprocità.
Relazioni, fiducia e comunità. Il microcredito diffuso a Vercelli e nel Vercellese nel Trecento / Maffi, Luciano; Olivieri, Antonio. - (2026), pp. 126-161.
Relazioni, fiducia e comunità. Il microcredito diffuso a Vercelli e nel Vercellese nel Trecento
maffi, luciano
;
2026-01-01
Abstract
This paper examines the forms and functions of credit and microcredit in four-teenth-century Vercelli, highlighting the central role of trust and reputation in sustaining both urban and rural economies. In a period marked by recurrent monetary shortages, credit—in money, grain, or other goods—was a fundamen-tal mechanism for ensuring social and economic stability. Drawing on archival materials from the Hospital of St. Andrea, the study focuses on three emblem-atic cases: the baker Enrico da Greggio, the nobleman Martino da Robbio, and the priest Salerno Ferraroto. Each represents a different dimension of the credit network: individual entrepreneurship, collective indebtedness, and charitable redistribution. Enrico’s activity as a small-scale lender illustrates the integration of artisans into local financial systems; Martino’s dealings with the rural com-munity of Viverone reveal how communal debt could evolve into the transfer of property and, ultimately, into acts of charity; Salerno’s testament demonstrates how personal credits were transformed into pious legacies for the benefit of the poor. Together, these examples show that credit in late medieval society was not merely an economic tool but also a vehicle of social cohesion, moral obligation, and community building—linking economy, faith, and solidarity within a shared framework of trust.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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