Capturing Green and Digital Intensities: Key Metrics for Monitoring the Twin Transition

The Twin Transition, i.e. the simultaneous shift towards digitalisation and zero-carbon economies, is reshaping labour markets, requiring a better understanding of the intersection between digital skills and “green” occupations. This paper presents a novel, harmonized dataset to analyse the Twin Transition and its impact on labour markets across 30 OECD countries. To quantify these dimensions, we compute two standardized indicators: 1) a green intensity index measured using a task-based approach from the O*NET database, representing the share of green-specific tasks per occupation; 2) a digital intensity indicator estimated using a skill-based index from the ESCO database, and defined as the ratio of essential digital skills to total occupational skills required for an occupation. We first attach these indicators to every occupation used in the labour force surveys, then we aggregate them using employment weights to get estimates at the industry and country level. We document the numerous crosswalks between different classifications implemented to ensure cross-country comparability. Empirical results reveal a strong positive correlation between greenness and digitalisation, though significant heterogeneity exists across industries and countries. This dataset offers insights into one of the most significant labour market transformations of our time and provides a critical foundation for future research investigating the impact and the policy implications associated with the unfolding of the Twin Transition.