Bobbio’s network of hospitals between early and late middle ages A survey of Bobbio’s assistential foundations between the Early and the Late Middle Ages offers an excellent example of how and why a network of hospitals could develop, of the extension of such a network, coupled with the capacity to survive on the territory and finally of the extent to which such a setup could last. This paper analyses the functions which the hospitals depending from the monastery and the diocese of Bobbio exercised during the centuries spanning from the Early to the Late Middle Ages. An accurate analysis of the sources enables to highlight three fundamental aspects: first that from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, Bobbio’s network of hospitals presents characteristics which are of more interest to the scholar of the Early rather than Late Middle Ages. This aspect is in stark contrast to the radical increase in the practices of charity operated by the religiously-inspired lay from the 12th century onwards. This discrepancy can be explained if we connect the existence of the early medieval hospital network to the vitality of the monastery itself and to its role as a landed possessor. Early medieval xenodochia played an essential role in organizing the territory pertaining to the monastery, and were a fundamental stronghold for the monastery of Saint Columbanus both in the administration of landed possessions and in the commercialization and distribution of agricultural products. It follows that most of the hospitals under Bobbio’s supervision became points of reference as centers of assistance not only for the pilgrims and other travelers, but also, and above all, for the local population.
Le fondazioni assistenziali di Bobbio censite fra alto e basso medievo offrono un ottimo esempio di come e perché potesse nascere una rete ospedaliera, di quali fossero la sua estensione e capacità di aderenza al territorio, e infine delle sue possibilità di durata. Il contributo analizza le funzioni che gli ospedali dipendenti dal monastero e dalla diocesi di Bobbio svolsero nel corso dei secoli alto e basso medievali. Una puntuale verifica delle fonti mette in risalto tre aspetti fondamentali: anzitutto che la rete ospedaliera di Bobbio presenta elementi, qualitativi e quantitivi, di maggiore interesse per lo storico in relazione ai secoli alto medievali piuttosto che a quelli basso medievali, in netta controtendenza con la generale esplosione delle pratiche della carità attuate dai laici religiosamente orientati a partire dal XII secolo in poi. Questa discrepanza è spiegabile se si collega l’esistenza della rete ospedaliera altomedievale alla vitalità del monastero stesso e al suo ruolo di possessore e signore fondiario. Infatti, gli xenodochi alto medievali svolsero un ruolo fondamentale nell’organizzazione del territorio monastico, rappresentando un fondamentale presidio per il monastero di San Colombano nella gestione dei possessi fondiari e nello smercio e distribuzione dei prodotti agricoli. Ne consegue che la maggior parte degli enti ospedalieri facenti capo a Bobbio si proponeva come punto di riferimento assistenziale non solo per i pellegrini e gli altri utenti della strade, quanto e soprattutto per le popolazioni locali.
La rete ospedaliera di Bobbio fra alto e basso medioevo / Gazzini, Marina. - STAMPA. - (2015), pp. 481-507.
La rete ospedaliera di Bobbio fra alto e basso medioevo
GAZZINI, Marina
2015-01-01
Abstract
Bobbio’s network of hospitals between early and late middle ages A survey of Bobbio’s assistential foundations between the Early and the Late Middle Ages offers an excellent example of how and why a network of hospitals could develop, of the extension of such a network, coupled with the capacity to survive on the territory and finally of the extent to which such a setup could last. This paper analyses the functions which the hospitals depending from the monastery and the diocese of Bobbio exercised during the centuries spanning from the Early to the Late Middle Ages. An accurate analysis of the sources enables to highlight three fundamental aspects: first that from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, Bobbio’s network of hospitals presents characteristics which are of more interest to the scholar of the Early rather than Late Middle Ages. This aspect is in stark contrast to the radical increase in the practices of charity operated by the religiously-inspired lay from the 12th century onwards. This discrepancy can be explained if we connect the existence of the early medieval hospital network to the vitality of the monastery itself and to its role as a landed possessor. Early medieval xenodochia played an essential role in organizing the territory pertaining to the monastery, and were a fundamental stronghold for the monastery of Saint Columbanus both in the administration of landed possessions and in the commercialization and distribution of agricultural products. It follows that most of the hospitals under Bobbio’s supervision became points of reference as centers of assistance not only for the pilgrims and other travelers, but also, and above all, for the local population.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.