The humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA full vaccination and booster dose as well as the impact of the spike variants, including Omicron, are still unclear in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and those with pre-malignant monoclonal gammopathies. In this study, involving 40 patients, we found that MM patients with relapsed-refractory disease (MMR) had reduced spike-specific antibody levels and neutralizing titers after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The five analyzed variants, remarkably Omicron, had a significant negative impact on the neutralizing ability of the vaccine-induced antibodies in all patients with MM and smoldering MM. Moreover, lower spike-specific IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells and reduced cytotoxic spike-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α-producing CD8+ T cells were found in MM patients as compared to patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We found that a heterologous booster immunization improved SARS-CoV-2 spike humoral and cellular responses in newly diagnosed MM (MMD) patients and in most, but not all, MMR patients. After the booster dose, a significant increase of the neutralizing antibody titers against almost all the analyzed variants was achieved in MMD. However, in MMR patients, Omicron retained a negative impact on neutralizing ability, suggesting further approaches to potentiating the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in these patients.
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and booster dose in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies: impact of Omicron variant on the humoral response / Storti, P.; Marchica, V.; Vescovini, R.; Franceschi, V.; Russo, L.; Notarfranchi, L.; Raimondi, V.; Toscani, D.; Burroughs Garcia, J.; Costa, F.; Dalla Palma, B.; Iannozzi, N. T.; Sammarelli, G.; Donofrio, G.; Giuliani, N.. - In: ONCOIMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 2162-4011. - 11:1(2022). [10.1080/2162402X.2022.2120275]
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and booster dose in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies: impact of Omicron variant on the humoral response
Storti P.;Marchica V.;Vescovini R.;Franceschi V.;Notarfranchi L.;Raimondi V.;Toscani D.;Burroughs Garcia J.;Costa F.;Dalla Palma B.;Iannozzi N. T.;Sammarelli G.;Donofrio G.
;Giuliani N.
2022-01-01
Abstract
The humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA full vaccination and booster dose as well as the impact of the spike variants, including Omicron, are still unclear in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and those with pre-malignant monoclonal gammopathies. In this study, involving 40 patients, we found that MM patients with relapsed-refractory disease (MMR) had reduced spike-specific antibody levels and neutralizing titers after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The five analyzed variants, remarkably Omicron, had a significant negative impact on the neutralizing ability of the vaccine-induced antibodies in all patients with MM and smoldering MM. Moreover, lower spike-specific IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells and reduced cytotoxic spike-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α-producing CD8+ T cells were found in MM patients as compared to patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We found that a heterologous booster immunization improved SARS-CoV-2 spike humoral and cellular responses in newly diagnosed MM (MMD) patients and in most, but not all, MMR patients. After the booster dose, a significant increase of the neutralizing antibody titers against almost all the analyzed variants was achieved in MMD. However, in MMR patients, Omicron retained a negative impact on neutralizing ability, suggesting further approaches to potentiating the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in these patients.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
